深圳市肥胖中学生行为习惯影响因素及运动干预策略研究
摘要
同时结合国际经验提出优化策略。采用整群抽样法选取深圳市高级中学肥胖学生 286 名（BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2 的），通过修
订版《青少年健康行为量表》开展行为调查并结合体质测试，采用有序多分类 Logistic 回归筛选核心影响因素，设计为期
8 周的“有氧 + 抗阻”复合运动干预方案并开展随机对照试验，分析干预效果及执行度。结果显示，该校肥胖检出率为
11.50%，高于全国同年龄段平均水平（9.6%），男生肥胖率显著高于女生（16.99% vs. 6.6%）。Logistic 回归分析提示，晚
餐摄入量（OR=3.42，p=0.003）和临睡前加餐（OR=2.86，p=0.001）为肥胖的显著风险因素，规律锻炼频率（≥ 3 次 / 周）
对肥胖风险具有显著保护作用（OR=0.47，p=0.008）。干预 8 周后，干预组体脂率下降 3.2%，BMI 降低 1.8±0.6 kg/m2
，
耐力跑成绩提升 45 秒，均显著优于对照组（p<0.05），其中执行度优秀组效果更显著（体脂率下降 4.1% vs. 1.9%）。研究
表明，高中阶段肥胖防控应重点关注晚餐和夜宵摄入控制，保障每周至少 3 次“有氧 + 抗阻”规律锻炼，建议结合国际先
进经验构建“家庭 – 学校 – 社会”多维协同干预模式，并推动 BMI 动态监测纳入学生健康管理体系，实现青少年肥胖防
控的系统化、个性化与可持续性。
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