自体动静脉内瘘成熟不良的发病机制及治疗进展研究
摘要
65%，严重影响透析效果与患者预后。本文系统综述 AVF 成熟不良的发病机制及治疗进展：发病机制涵盖血流动力学异常、
血管重构障碍及内皮功能紊乱，并受患者血管条件、全身状态及手术技术等多因素影响。治疗方面，传统手术干预与腔内
介入治疗是主流手段，新型材料、基因治疗及药物干预展现出潜在应用价值。当前研究面临成熟标准不统一、生物力学模
型转化效率低等挑战，未来需聚焦个体化评估体系构建及干细胞治疗、智能监测技术的创新探索。本综述为临床精准干预
AVF 成熟不良提供理论依据与研究方向。
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