生酮、低脂、低 GI 高蛋白饮食对 2 型糖尿病的相关代谢指标 的影响
摘要
谢指标方面，此三种饮食模式表现出不同的作用与效果，大量研究表明，生酮饮食在短期内显著降低体重及血糖，低脂饮
食在改善血脂及心血管疾病方面有良好的表现，而低 GI 高蛋白饮食对改善胰岛素抵抗及餐后血糖具有积极作用。尽管这三
种饮食模式各其独特的优势，但在临床实践中面临一些挑战，主要是制定个体化的饮食方案及长期依从性问题。本文旨在
探讨这三种饮食模式对 2 型糖尿病患者代谢指标的影响，并探讨其潜在机制。
关键词
全文:
PDF参考
[1] 马越，孔祥婕，彭雯，等 . 中国糖尿病疾病负担现
状及趋势 [J] . 中国预防医学杂志，2023，24(04)：281-286.
[2]Dowis K, Banga S. The Potential Health Benefits of the
Ketogenic Diet: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1654.
[3]Kahleova H, Petersen KF, Shulman GI, et al. Effect
of a Low-Fat Vegan Diet on Body Weight, Insulin Sensitivity,
Postprandial Metabolism, and Intramyocellular and Hepatocellular
Lipid Levels in Overweight Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial
[published correction appears in JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Jan
4;4(1):e2035088.
[4]Bielefeld D, Grafenauer S, Rangan A. The Effects of
Legume Consumption on Markers of Glycaemic Control in
Individuals with and without Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic
Literature Review of Randomised Controlled Trials. Nutrients.
2020;12(7):2123.
[5]Yang Z, Mi J, Wang Y, et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate
diet and ketogenic diet on glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2
diabetic mice. Nutrition. 2021;89:111230.
[6]Ahmed B, Sultana R, Greene MW. Adipose tissue
and insulin resistance in obese. Biomed Pharmacother.
2021;137:111315.
[7]Ivan CR, Messina A, Cibelli G, et al. Italian Ketogenic
Mediterranean Diet in Overweight and Obese Patients with
Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients. 2022;14(20):4361.
[8]Yuan X, Wang J, Yang S, et al. Effect of the ketogenic diet
on glycemic control, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism in
patients with T2DM: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr
Diabetes. 2020;10(1):38.
[9] 夏瑜雯，钟绍，陶秋华 . 生酮饮食与体质量控制在
痛风患者中的临床应用效果 [J] . 贵州医药，2018，42(09)：
1141-1143.
[10] 王莎，孙文玉，童国相，等 . 改良生酮饮食对高尿
酸小鼠的影响及其作用机制研究 [J] . 深圳中西医结合杂志，
2023，33(20)：1-4+137-139.
[11]Merlotti D, Cosso R, Eller-Vainicher C, et al. Energy
Metabolism and Ketogenic Diets: What about the Skeletal Health?
A Narrative Review and a Prospective Vision for Planning Clinical
Trials on this Issue. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(1):435.
[12] 杨娜，张化冰，李玉秀 .《美国糖尿病学会 2019 年
版糖尿病医学诊疗标准》更新与解读〔J〕．协和医学杂志，
2019; 10( 5) : 476-80.
[13] 张寒飞，杨文杰，李彦君，等 . 低脂饮食与低碳饮
食对 2 型糖尿病患者心血管指标的影响：随机对照试验的
系统性评价和 Meta 分析 [J] . 现代预防医学，2021，48(06)：
997-1002.
[14]Vieira AT, Galvão I, Macia LM, et al. Dietary fiber
and the short-chain fatty acid acetate promote resolution of
neutrophilic inflammation in a model of gout in mice. J Leukoc
Biol. 2017;101(1):275-284.
[15]Li W, Xu P, Wang C, et al. The effects of fat-induced
obesity on bone metabolism in rats. Obes Res Clin Pract.
2017;11(4):454-463.
[16] Berg J, Seyedsadjadi N, Grant R. Increased
Consumption of Plant Foods Is Associated with Increased Bone
Mineral Density. J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24(4):388-397.
[17]Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Nieuwenhuizen A, Tomé D,
et al. Dietary protein, weight loss, and weight maintenance. Annu
Rev Nutr. 2009;29:21-41.
[18]Min J, Kim SY, Shin IS, et al. The Effect of Meal
Replacement on Weight Loss According to Calorie-Restriction
Type and Proportion of Energy Intake: A Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Acad Nutr Diet.
2021;121(8):1551-1564.e3.
[19]Moon J, Koh G. Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms of
High-Protein Diet-Induced Weight Loss. J Obes Metab Syndr.
2020;29(3):166-173.
[20]Wang J, Chen Y, Zhong H, et al. The gut microbiota
as a target to control hyperuricemia pathogenesis: Potential
mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr.
2022;62(14):3979-3989.
[21]Tanes C, Bittinger K, Gao Y, et al. Role of dietary
fiber in the recovery of the human gut microbiome and its
metabolome. Cell Host Microbe. 2021;29(3):394-407.e5.
[22]Muñoz-Garach A, García-Fontana B, Muñoz-Torres M.
Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis. Nutrients.
2020;12(7):1986.
[23]Liu X, Wu Y, Bennett S, et al. The Effects of Different
Dietary Patterns on Bone Health. Nutrients. 2024;16(14):2289.
(4 摘要 Views, 12 PDF Downloads)
Refbacks
- 当前没有refback。