青少年特发性脊柱侧弯骨免疫微环境的研究进展
摘要
综合征型以及其他原因导致的脊柱畸形，其中特发性脊柱侧弯（idiopathic scoliosis，IS）最为常见，尤其是 10 ～ 18 岁的青少年。
青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（Adolescent spinal side,AIS）是IS中常见的脊柱畸形之一，是青春期常见的脊柱畸形。AIS发病机理复杂，
发生发展的分子机制尚未确定，目前对 AIS 的发病机制研究主要包括遗传因素，神经系统异常，骨骼生长异常，激素和代
谢功能障碍，生物力学因素以及环境和生活方式因素等。AIS 患者存在全身性的 BMD 降低，并贯穿于 AIS 发生到进展的全
过程，是一种长期的表现。许多研究也认为 AIS 的低骨量可能是该疾病的原发病因。低骨密度是由于体内破骨细胞（OC）
生成增加，OC 与成骨细胞（OB）维持的“骨稳态”偏移，骨微环境失衡。基于“骨免疫学概念”观点，免疫系统和免疫
因子在骨微环境失衡的发生发展过程中起到了至关重要的作用。本综述将总结 AIS 相关的骨免疫微环境研究进展，探讨其
在疾病发生中的潜在机制及未来研究方向。
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