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阿片类药物节约化策略在麻醉实践中的实施效果评估

姜 楠, 梁 哲龙

摘要

阿片类药物长期以来一直是围手术期镇痛的主要选择,但其滥用风险和不良反应促使医学界探索替代方案。本文综述了阿片类药物节约化策略(Opioid-SparingAnesthesia,OSA)在麻醉实践中的实施效果,包括区域神经阻滞技术、多模式镇痛方案、无阿片麻醉(Opioid-FreeAnesthesia,OFA)以及辅助药物的应用。通过分析临床研究数据,评估这些策略对术后疼痛控制、阿片类药物消耗量、不良反应发生率及患者康复质量的影响。结果表明,阿片类药物节约化策略不仅能有效控制术后疼痛,还可显著减少阿片类药物相关不良反应,加速患者康复,在加速康复外科(ERAS)方案中具有重要价值。

关键词

阿片类药物;围手术期;麻醉;术后疼痛

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参考

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